Endometrial hyperplasia, an overgrowth of the lining of the uterus , is a precursor to the development of cancer. This disorder tends to progress from a simple, benign hyperplasia confined to the lining of the uterus, to more severe forms of hyperplasia and eventually to an invasive malignancy. The risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia are similar to those of endometrial carcinoma .
Abnormal uterine bleeding is usually the first symptom. The diagnosis is made by evaluating the lining of the uterus by biopsy or dilation and curettage (D&C).
Treatment depends on the degree of hyperplasia and whether or not the hyperplasia has atypical cells associated with it, the age of the woman and her reproductive desires. Total abdominal hysterectomy and removal of both tubes and both ovaries is recommended for postmenopausal women and women who have completed childbearing. Women who want to keep their reproductive organs can be treated with oral progestational hormones for several months. The cure rate depends on the degree of hyperplasia and the sensitivity of the endometrium to the progestational therapy.
